States
Who built each state's tax, unemployment insurance and paid leave systems, and what they cost. Click a state for its page: the vendors, contract figures and sources, and for states researched in depth, the full portal directory and contract history.
51 of 51 researched in depth. The rest are a first pass checked Oct 22, 2026: Many rows rest on a vendor's own client list or on press coverage rather than a state document; each row's label says which. A blank vendor means not yet determined. Costs are the figure the source gives (usually a contract ceiling), not money paid.
What each state spends a year
An estimate of each state's average yearly cost, built from the figures on its page: payments spread over the years they cover, or, where no payments were found, the contract total spread over the contract term. It is not a reported twelve-month figure, and a state's total covers only the systems that have one. Hover or tap a state for the systems behind its number.
No yearly figure yet (7): Alaska, Kansas, Nebraska, New York, North Carolina, South Dakota, Wyoming. Some build and run their systems in house, with no vendor contract to price; for the rest, no contract term or payments were found to spread.
No yearly figure yet (3): Alaska, North Carolina, Wyoming. Some build and run their systems in house, with no vendor contract to price; for the rest, no contract term or payments were found to spread.
Every state's systems
| State | Tax system | Unemployment insurance | Paid leave | Other systems |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | FAST Enterprises $129.8M paid by Revenue to FAST, FY 2017 to Oct 2026 (all FAST contracts)Alabama Department of Revenue | Netacent (Solid State Operations also paid) $60.0M paid to Netacent and Solid State, FY 2020 to FY 2026Alabama Department of Workforce (Department of Labor until the 2024 merger) | none or not researched | Business registration Alabama Interactive (NIC) Fee-funded portal; no contract total foundAlabama Secretary of State New hire reporting Not foundAlabama Department of Workforce |
| Alaska | In-house (DOLWD) $480K mainframe analysis (FY2025 appropriation)Department of Labor and Workforce Development | none or not researched | New hire reporting Not foundDepartment of Revenue Business registration Not foundDepartment of Commerce | |
| Arizona | Voyatek $104.8M project budget; $24.7M paid FY2023 to FY2025 (transparency portal)Arizona Department of Revenue | Replaced Consortium contractor $16.7M paid by the consortium (GAO)Wyoming | none or not researched | Business registration Not found $7M appropriated (FY 2024)Arizona Corporation Commission Business registration Not found $15.6M appropriated (FY 2023)Arizona Department of Administration |
| Arkansas | In house, with Carahsoft (Kyndryl) $10.4M Carahsoft mainframe contractArkansas Division of Reemployment (Department of Commerce); formerly the Division of Workforce Services | none or not researched | New hire reporting State-run (Tax21) $250,000 yearly appropriationArkansas Division of Reemployment (formerly the Division of Workforce Services) | |
| California | FAST Enterprises $85.1M contract; $279M project; $96.1M paid 2019 to 2026 (checkbook)California Department of Tax and Fee Administration (formerly the Board of Equalization) | Customer service Salesforce and Okta (implementer not named) $144.4M project (CDT listing)Employment Development Department | ||
| Colorado | FAST Enterprises $53.6M build; about $7.9M a year support; $22.1M paid July 2022 to June 2025 (support line actuals)Colorado Department of Revenue | Business registration Not found Not foundColorado Department of State (Secretary of State) | ||
| Connecticut | Slalom $9.2M paid to Slalom, 2020 to 2023CT Paid Leave Authority (quasi-public); contract through the Department of Administrative Services | Business registration Not confirmed (Deloitte Digital supported the portal) $6M IT capital funds (registry)Secretary of the State; Department of Administrative Services | ||
| Delaware | Infosys Public ServicesDepartment of Labor | |||
| District of Columbia | Sagitec Solutions, LLCDepartment of Employment Services | |||
| Florida | Deloitte (build) $77.9M project cost (2014)FloridaCommerce (formerly the Department of Economic Opportunity) Multiple vendors $92.4M appropriated; $46.9M spent by 6/2023FloridaCommerce | none or not researched | ||
| Georgia | FAST Enterprises $139.1M paid to FAST, FY 2015 to 2025 (includes DRIVES)Georgia Department of Revenue | GDOL legacy systemGeorgia Department of Labor | none or not researched | Business registration PCC Technology (Civix) $15.1M paid to PCC Technology, FY 2015 to 2025Georgia Secretary of State |
| Hawaii | In house mainframe; DataHouse web app $1.9M DataHouse employer web app contract (2015 to 2022)Department of Labor and Industrial Relations Replaced Solid State Operations About $1M paid before cancellation (press)Department of Labor and Industrial Relations | Business registration Tyler Hawaii (Hawaii Information Consortium) $13.4M vendor fee revenue in FY 2025Office of Enterprise Technology Services and the Access Hawaii Committee | ||
| Idaho | FAST Enterprises $5.2M FY 2014 upgrade appropriation; $31.6M paid FY2020 to FY2026 (Transparent Idaho)Idaho State Tax Commission | In house (Idaho Department of Labor) $7.1M in-house build (department figure)Idaho Department of Labor | none or not researched | New hire reporting In house (Idaho Department of Labor)Idaho Department of Labor Business registration Tecuity $2.2M bid incl. 4 years support (press); $1.4M paid FY2020 to FY2026 (Transparent Idaho)Idaho Secretary of State |
| Illinois | Not foundIllinois Department of Employment Security | none or not researched | New hire reporting Not foundIllinois Department of Employment Security | |
| Indiana | Replaced Not foundIndiana Department of Revenue | Haverstick Consulting $46.0M build contract plus $6M follow-onIndiana Department of Workforce Development | none or not researched | Business registration Not found $9.1M budget (2015 to 2017)Indiana Secretary of State |
| Iowa | Replaced Not researchedIowa Department of Revenue | IWD (in-house, per IWD)Iowa Workforce Development Geographic Solutions $9.96M plus $3.1M a year (press); $10.1M paid FY 2022 to 2025Iowa Workforce Development Replaced State mainframeIowa Workforce Development | none or not researched | Business registration QCIIowa Secretary of State New hire reporting Not foundIowa Department of Health and Human Services |
| Kansas | In-house (KDOR) No contract; run in house since 2019Kansas Department of Revenue | none or not researched | Customer service Tyler Technologies (KIC) Fee-funded portal; no contract total foundInformation Network of Kansas (INK) | |
| Kentucky | RSI $120.4M contract; $56.8M paid to dateKentucky Department of Revenue | Not foundEducation and Labor Cabinet | none or not researched | Business registration Kentucky Interactive (2011) $5.5M spent on Phase IIIFinance and Administration Cabinet (Commonwealth Office of Technology) |
| Louisiana | FAST Enterprises $111.7M across 9 FAST contracts, 2002 to 2027Louisiana Department of Revenue; support contracts held by the Office of Technology Services since 2015 Not found (site credits Neumo) No contract foundLouisiana Department of Revenue | State-run (no vendor found) No contract foundLouisiana Works (Louisiana Workforce Commission until October 2025) Geographic Solutions $24.5M paid FY 2021 to Oct 2026Louisiana Works (Louisiana Workforce Commission until October 2025) | none or not researched | Business registration PCC Technology (Civix) $15.7M contract (also covers election systems)Louisiana Secretary of State New hire reporting Stellarware No contract foundLouisiana Department of Children and Family Services |
| Maine | FAST Enterprises $72.8M winning bid (2019); $7.1M paid July 2024 to June 2025 (vendor file)Maine Revenue Services (Department of Administrative and Financial Services) | Business registration Tyler Technologies (InforME) Fee-funded; $0 master agreementDepartment of the Secretary of State; InforME Board | ||
| Maryland | Business registration Not foundState Department of Assessments and Taxation (SDAT) New hire reporting Not foundDepartment of Human Services | |||
| Massachusetts | FAST Enterprises $117.0M paid 2014 to 2026 (checkbook)Massachusetts Department of Revenue; payments made through the Executive Office for Administration and Finance Replaced Deloitte (terminated 2013) $54.2M paid, never used (checkbook)Massachusetts Department of Revenue | Replaced Deloitte $35.6M paid to Deloitte 2009 to 2015 (checkbook)Department of Unemployment Assistance | not researched | |
| Michigan | none or not researched | New hire reporting YoungWilliams (from Maximus) $6.8M contractMichigan Department of Health and Human Services Customer service Deloitte & Touche $116.8M statewide contract (all agencies)Michigan Department of Technology | ||
| Minnesota | Deloitte (built by BearingPoint) $62.1M across 3 Deloitte contractsMinnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development (DEED) | Nava PBC $76.7M MNIT project budgetMinnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development (DEED) | Business registration Not identifiedOffice of the Minnesota Secretary of State | |
| Mississippi | none or not researched | |||
| Missouri | Teradata $26.6M paid to Teradata, FY2014 to FY2026Missouri Department of Revenue and Office of Administration | Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) $85.1M paid to Tata, FY2013 to FY2026Missouri Department of Labor and Industrial Relations | none or not researched | Business registration Enterprise Registry Solutions $1.9M paid, FY2018 to FY2021Missouri Secretary of State |
| Montana | none or not researched | Business registration Tecuity (per payment records) $4.8M paid to Tecuity, FY 2020 to dateMontana Secretary of State New hire reporting Not foundDepartment of Public Health and Human Services Replaced Business registration Foster Moore $4.9M paid to Foster Moore, FY 2015 to FY 2022Montana Secretary of State | ||
| Nebraska | State-run (OCIO mainframe)Nebraska Department of Revenue | none or not researched | Business registration Civix (PCC Technology) $3.8M contract value in state databaseNebraska Secretary of State New hire reporting Stellarware $650K contract including renewalsNebraska Department of Health and Human Services | |
| Nevada | Replaced Not foundDepartment of Employment | none or not researched | Replaced Business registration Not foundNevada Secretary of State | |
| New Hampshire | SymbioSys Solutions $56.3M across 2 SymbioSys contractsNew Hampshire Employment Security | MetLife $6.2M contractDepartment of Administrative Services and New Hampshire Employment Security | not determined | |
| New Jersey | Revenue Solutions, Inc. (RSI) $49.9M paid July 2021 to June 2026 (checkbook)Department of the Treasury Builder not found (legacy state system)Department of the Treasury | State-built (1997); replacement out for bidDepartment of Labor and Workforce Development In-house, with Nava PBC $88.5M spent to date (all UI modernization)Department of Labor and Workforce Development | New hire reporting Stellarware $10.0M paid to Stellarware, FY2016 to FY2026Department of Human Services | |
| New Mexico | FAST Enterprises $31.2M paid July 2021 to June 2026 (GenTax orders)New Mexico Taxation and Revenue Department | Deloitte $28.4M paid to Deloitte July 2021 to June 2026; $48.6M project (2013)New Mexico Department of Workforce Solutions | none or not researched | |
| New York | In house (state built) $96.9M Tax Modernization development cost (FY 2024)New York State Department of Taxation and Finance | Private insurance carriers (no state system)Workers' Compensation Board; premium rate set by the Department of Financial Services | Customer service Accenture (Salesforce) $19.3M across 4 Accenture contractsNew York State Department of Labor | |
| North Carolina | Andersen Consulting (1994 build) $46.6M with Data Capture through FY 2000North Carolina Department of Revenue Oracle (implementer not identified)North Carolina Department of Revenue Replaced CGI $77.0M contract through Amendment 11; $63.8M paid by 12/2013North Carolina Department of Revenue | Sagitec SolutionsNorth Carolina Department of Commerce | none or not researched | not researched |
| North Dakota | FAST Enterprises $26.5M paid to FAST, FY 2014 to Sept. 2026North Dakota Office of State Tax Commissioner | Replaced Idaho iUS (abandoned)Job Service North Dakota | none or not researched | Business registration Tecuity (unconfirmed) $3.4M paid to Tecuity since 2016North Dakota Secretary of State |
| Ohio | Not researchedOhio Department of Job and Family Services | none or not researched | Customer service Not found $22M budget (2018, press)Ohio Department of Administrative Services New hire reporting YoungWilliams (from 2026) $389,254 for FY 2020Ohio Department of Job and Family Services | |
| Oklahoma | FAST Enterprises $74.2M paid to FAST, FY 2011 to FY 2021 (tax and motor vehicle)Oklahoma Tax Commission | Atos (hosting and support) $48.4M paid to Atos, FY 2016 to FY 2021Oklahoma Employment Security Commission Not disclosed (earlier: TCS, Phase 2, EY, Thoughtworks) $14.9M paid to 4 vendors, FY 2020 to FY 2021Oklahoma Employment Security Commission | none or not researched | not researched |
| Oregon | not researched | |||
| Pennsylvania | IBM-built, run by the state $109.9M award; nearly $170M spentPennsylvania Department of Labor & Industry Geographic Solutions, Inc. (GSI), Palm Harbor, FL $17.6M base contractPennsylvania Department of Labor & Industry | none or not researched | ||
| Rhode Island | AWS (UI Online); legacy in-house back endDepartment of Labor and Training Legacy in-house mainframe; RI.gov web filingDepartment of Labor and Training | Legacy in-house AS400Department of Labor and Training | Business registration Not identified (replacement in procurement)Rhode Island Department of State | |
| South Carolina | none or not researched | Business registration SC.GOV (SCI)South Carolina Secretary of State New hire reporting Not foundSouth Carolina Department of Social Services | ||
| South Dakota | Not found (state hosted)Department of Revenue | In house (BIT) $11.1M appropriated since 2022Department of Labor and Regulation | none or not researched | New hire reporting In house (DLR) $279,657 a year (DSS reimbursement)Department of Labor and Regulation |
| Tennessee | FAST Enterprises $33M build (2015); $30.7M maintenance (2025 to 2028)Tennessee Department of Revenue | Replaced Geographic Solutions $59.7M contract (2014 to 2024)Tennessee Department of Labor and Workforce Development | none or not researched | Business registration Dorger Software Architects $4.4M across 2 Dorger contractsTennessee Secretary of State New hire reporting Stellarware (2020 contract) $1.7M contract (2020)Tennessee Department of Human Services |
| Texas | In house (Deloitte Webfile rebuild, 2019) $6.4M Deloitte Webfile rebuild; core systems in houseTexas Comptroller of Public Accounts | In house (mainframe) In house; no contractTexas Workforce Commission | none or not researched | Business registration Not confirmed $42.3M project budgetTexas Secretary of State New hire reporting OAG (Salesforce platform; implementer not found) Not foundOffice of the Attorney General |
| Utah | FAST Enterprises $74.6M paid to FAST by the State of Utah, FY2009 to FY2026 (all FAST work, including the motor vehicle system)Utah State Tax Commission | Not foundUtah Department of Workforce Services | none or not researched | |
| Vermont | FAST Enterprises $51.0M across 5 FAST contract actions; $62.2M paid January 2014 to September 2026 (checkbook)Vermont Department of Taxes | Replaced State mainframeVermont Department of Labor | The Hartford $8.0M contract; $6.7M in premiums paidVermont Department of Human Resources | Business registration ReFrame Solutions $4.8M contractVermont Secretary of State |
| Virginia | FAST Enterprises, LLC $131M project budget; $19.3M paid July 2025 to June 2026 (DataPoint)Virginia Department of Taxation | Not yet selected $116.5M start-up estimateVirginia Employment Commission | Business registration Not named in public records foundState Corporation Commission | |
| Washington | ||||
| West Virginia | Legacy mainframe (replacement not yet bought) Replacement fund capped at $60M (SB 1053)WorkForce West Virginia (Department of Commerce) | none or not researched | ||
| Wisconsin | Flexion, then Google Public Sector $80.8M budget; $55.2M spent to June 2026Department of Workforce Development Not disclosedDepartment of Workforce Development | none or not researched | New hire reporting Stellarware $898K paid FY 2020 to 2027Department of Children and Families (contract); Department of Workforce Development (reporting rules | |
| Wyoming | Managed Business Solutions (MBS)Wyoming Department of Revenue | none or not researched |